Biotrickling Filters

Structured packing media for biological odor control—no hazardous chemicals, sustained H₂S removal above 98%.

Biotrickling Filters

Biotrickling filters (BTFs) treat odorous air streams — primarily H₂S, ammonia, and VOCs from wastewater treatment facilities — by passing contaminated air through a bed of media colonized by microorganisms. The bacteria metabolize contaminants directly, converting them to harmless byproducts without generating chemical waste streams. This makes BTFs the cleanest available odor control technology: no caustic chemicals, no acid, no hazardous byproducts requiring disposal.

BTFs are particularly well-suited to air volumes up to approximately 12,000 cfm from a single tower. Higher volumes can be handled with multiple parallel units. The key performance variable is media selection: the packing must provide sufficient surface area for biofilm development, maintain aerobic conditions throughout the bed, and resist plugging as biofilm matures. Poorly-selected media limits treatment efficiency, fosters anaerobic zones that generate odor rather than removing it, and requires premature replacement.

Structured Media for Biotrickling Filters

HD Q-PAC®

HD Q-PAC's structured needle-grid modules are the Lantec media of choice for biotrickling filter applications. The rod-based geometry provides 75,000 drip points per cubic foot — extensive surface area for biofilm attachment — while the open three-dimensional structure maintains airflow distribution and prevents channeling as biofilm grows. Effective biomass surface area reaches up to 300 ft²/ft³ (984 m²/m³) under mature biofilm conditions.

The rounded rod surfaces allow biofilm to slough naturally before anaerobic dead zones develop, maintaining aerobic conditions throughout the bed during continuous operation. This self-regulating behavior enables sustained H₂S removal above 98% over multi-year operating periods without bed replacement or significant intervention.

In direct comparisons with lava rock — a common BTF media alternative — HD Q-PAC has demonstrated both higher removal efficiency and lower maintenance requirements. The structured module format simplifies installation and media management compared to loose random packing in BTF applications.

Case Histories

BOD Reduction and Odor Elimination in Aeration LagoonPDF
Q-PAC
$40,000/Year Aeration Power Savings at WineryPDF
Q-PAC
Biofilm Reactor Wins Japanese Ministry Innovation Award
NUPAC
3× H₂S Destruction vs. Lava Rock at Cedar Rapids WWTPPDF
HD Q-PAC
Odor Complaints Eliminated at Saco, Maine Lift StationPDF
HD Q-PAC
Bioremediation of Fuel Oil Contaminated GroundwaterPDF
HD Q-PAC